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Squats are to leg day as sheet masks are to #selfcaresunday: essential. As many face mask options as there are in the world, there might be even more variations of the classic booty-building move. There are goblet squats, sumo squats, barbell back squats, jump squats, and loads more. Trust us, squats aren't going anywhere soon—but there’s one variation your routine may be missing.
Enter: The Bulgarian split squat—also referred to as the rear foot elevated split squat or just simply a split squat. “Bulgarian split squats are one of the best movements for developing glute, quad, hamstring, and core strength because it’s a unilateral exercise—meaning that it works and strengthens one leg at a time,” certified personal trainer Quianna Camper, a trainer with RSP Nutrition, tells Health.
Why is unilateral leg training such a big deal? According to physical therapist and certified strength and conditioning specialist Grayson Wickham, founder of Movement Vault, it comes down to compensation. “Most people are not perfectly symmetrical. So their right leg or glute might be stronger than the left, which means when you do a normal squat, the stronger side will compensate," he says. "Single-leg exercises like the split squat can help fix those muscle imbalances by developing that lower-body and core strength symmetrically.” Some research even suggests that unilateral exercises are more effective for building strength than bilateral movements like the standard squat. (Talk about upgrading your leg day).
RELATED: 6 Ways to Upgrade a Basic Squat
Because you need to activate your core during Bulgarian split squats in order to keep your chest upright, Camper says, “they also help you build core strength, and the benefit of that is that it improves your overall balance and stability.” Translation: Add Bulgarian split squats to your routine and you’ll sculpt a peach, strengthen your quads and core, and decrease risk of falling (and therefore injury) as you age.
Ready to feel the booty burn? Below, Wickham and Camper walk you through how to do a Bulgarian split squat, plus a few variations of the super-effective single-leg move.
Start standing with your feet hip-width apart, facing away from a box, bench, or chair that is no higher than your knees. Extend your left leg back and put the top of your foot (aka laces down) on the box. If this is uncomfortable on your left ankle, you may want to pad your left ankle with a yoga mat or towel. Then, readjust your right leg so that you're standing 12–24 inches in front of the box, hips squared forward. This is your starting position.
When you’re ready to begin, tuck your tailbone, engage your core, and draw your shoulders back. Keeping your chest up, lower your hips into a front lunge position by bending your right knee and dropping your left knee straight to the ground.
Continue lowering until your right thigh is parallel to the ground—or as low as you can go without feeling something you'd describe as "strain," Wickham says. (If you lack hip mobility, you may start to feel an intense stretch before you get very low, so stop descending and return to start.)
Once at the bottom, drive up through your right heel and straighten your right knee to return to the starting position. That’s one rep. Repeat for 8 to 10 reps before switching legs.
RELATED: 8 Ways to Amp Up Your Bodyweight Workout
To make it easier: Start with a basic split squat
Elevating your rear foot requires a ton of balance and stability, which means it necessitates a prerequisite level of core, glute, and quad strength. That’s why Camper recommends working up to it by first mastering the basic split squat.
“Start by standing in a staggered-stance position, with your feet hip-width apart and right foot about two feet in front of the other. Place your hands on your waist and square your hips forward. Then lower your body until your knee touches the floor, and come up into start position contracting your legs and glutes,” explains Camper. That’s one rep. She suggests doing 12 to 15 reps before switching legs.
To make it harder: Add weights to your Bulgarian split squat
If you have strength-training experience, Camper says you can try adding weight to kick things up a notch. “Just make sure you can do 3 sets of 15 reps on each leg [with your body weight] before playing around with weights," she says.
According to Wickham, there are lots of ways to add weight to a Bulgarian split squat. You could hold a dumbbell in each hand, one weight in front of your chest, or even use a barbell on your back, he says. The added resistance of any of these variations will help you target the glutes.
Whichever weight you grab, be sure to pay extra attention to keeping your shoulders back and down and your chest up, Wickham says. Dumbbells and kettlebells make for easier weighted options; when you're ready to try a barbell split squat, he suggests starting with an empty barbell first and slowly adding weight from there. (Because of the box or bench behind you, bailing with the barbell can be dangerous. “Choose a weight you know you can hit,” advises Wickham.)
RELATED: 4 Exercises Trainers Never Do (And What to Do Instead)
Try to incorporate split squats every other time you do leg day, says Camper. “Either do them in place of your back or front squats, or do them first,” she says. While form is always important when you squat, doing split squats with tired muscles can lead to injury if you’re not extra careful, she adds.
Both Camper and Wickham recommend pairing split squats with deadlifts, glute bridges, wall balls, or dumbbell box step-overs—or core exercises like planks, bird dog, or dead bug.
However you add split squats to your workout regime, as long as your form is sound, your booty will thank you.
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There will be no music bonanza for City of Tshwane residents to ring in the New Year on Monday after the municipality said it had to cancel its cross-over celebration.
This is because “the appointed service provider pulled out at the 11th hour” and a bid to salvage the event was not viable.
“Despite this setback, we tried to enlist the services of other bidders with a view to salvaging the event, but their quotes were obscenely exorbitant and it was short notice to pull off an event of that magnitude,” City of Tshwane spokesperson Selby Bokaba said in a statement on Friday.
The City has been hosting the event for many years and it was one of the marquee events it hosted to usher in the New Year.
“In our endeavour to salvage the event, we were mindful of the appropriated budget for the event, and as a responsible administration, we wouldn’t exceed the budget to host the event at all costs, to the taxpayers’ detriment,” said Bokaba.
The City apologised “profusely” to the revellers that were already looking forward to the event on December 31.
“We hope our residents would explore other alternatives to cross-over to the new season.”
However, the ANC in Tshwane blamed the event’s cancellation on the “failures” of the DA administration.
Squabble
The ANC’s Tshwane caucus said on Saturday that the cancellation was allegedly due to a squabble between executive mayor Solly Msimanga and city manager Moeketsi Mosola.
“The embattled City manager, Moeketsi Mosola, has refused to sign for the approval of anything related to the corruption prone Executive Mayor’s office, including the New Year’s Eve event grinding the wheels of service delivery to a screeching halt,” said ANC Tshwane caucus spokesperson Lesego Makhubela.
The party said the cancellation of the event would have negative effects on the cultural and heritage tourism of the City.
“Social cohesion and the economic spin-offs that are usually attained in hosting this kind of event will not be realized, same as the benefit SMME’s derive from the spending on this event. This has now become a trend with all social and cultural events that have benefited our people in the recent past being either cancelled or disinvested from by the corrupt DA led City administration,” said Makhubela.
The ANC reiterated its call for “ethical leadership and honest stewardship in the City”.
“We again ask the minister of Cogta, the Gauteng premier and MEC of Cogta to act in a honourable manner and do justice to the vulnerable people of Tshwane and immediately place the City under administration,” said Makhubela.
A giraffe, known as the gentle giant of nature, can sometimes turn out to be a killer.
This behavior once observed by wildlife specialist Amy Attenborough was again reinforced after a giraffe kicked a farm worker to death outside Bela-Bela in Limpopo on Saturday.
According to provincial police spokesperson, Lieutenant-Colonel, Moatshe Ngoepe, the 49-year old worker was feeding the animals when the giraffe kicked him in the stomach.
The incident happened at a local safari lodge.
His family was too distraught to speak to News24 on Saturday.
“According to the information received, the paramedics were summoned and on arrival they tried to resuscitate him, but was later declared dead,” Ngoepe said.
He said the police in Bela-Bela have opened an inquest docket.
Other incidents of giraffe attacks reported in 2018 includes that of an award-winning South African filmmaker, Carlos Carvallo, who died after being head-butted by the animal while filming at Glen Africa country Lodge in the North West in May.
In September, Katy Williams and her three-year-old son were left critically injured when a giraffe that has just given birth attacked them at the Blyde Wildlife Estate in Hoedspruit.
Attenborough once wrote: “Giraffes are well-versed in the art of self-defence to the point where even lions only dare to attack them in large groups.
“A giraffe can kick in any direction and in a manner of ways, and its kick cannot only kill a lion, but has even been known to decapitate it.”
Liverpool – Liverpool roared back from a rare Anfield deficit to move nine points clear at the top of the Premier League as Roberto Firmino’s hat-trick inspired a 5-1 thrashing of Arsenal on Saturday.
Mohamed Salah and Sadio Mane were also on target as Liverpool’s front three all scored in the same league game for the first time this season.
Liverpool had trailed at home in the league for the first time in a day short of a year when Ainsley Maitland-Niles turned home Alex Iwobi’s excellent cross 11 minutes in.
However, the lead lasted just three minutes as Firmino profited from some calamitous Arsenal defending to level and then left Shkodran Mustafi and Sokratis Papastathopoulos on the floor to score his second goal in three minutes.
Mane and Salah’s penalty had the game wrapped up by half-time and Firmino completed his hat-trick from the spot as Jurgen Klopp’s men extended their unbeaten league start to 20 games and took another significant step towards a first league title since 1989/1990.
Win again in their next outing at Manchester City on Thursday and only a Liverpool collapse in the final months of the season can prevent an end to nearly three decades of hurt.
Champions City now trail the pace setters by 10 points and even if they reduce that lead to seven with victory at Southampton on Sunday, they need to end Liverpool’s invincible season so far to get back in the title race at the Etihad.
Tottenham’s title ambitions suffered a huge blow as Wolves scored three times in the final 18 minutes to win 3-1 at Wembley earlier on Saturday to further embolden Anfield with belief before kick-off.
That confidence could have been shaken when after a bright Liverpool start, it was Arsenal who led when Iwobi’s teasing cross perfectly dissected Alisson Becker and Virgil van Dijk, to leave Maitland-Niles with an open goal.
The signings of Alisson and Van Dijk have been credited for Liverpool’s rock solid defensive record with that goal just the eighth they have conceded all season in the league.
But that solidity is now being married with a return to the sort of form Salah, Firmino and Mane showed last season in smashing a combined 91 goals last season.
Firmino didn’t even have to look at the ball when he slotted the equaliser into an empty net after Sokratis’s attempted clearance rebounded off Mustafi into his path to quickly level.
However, the Brazilian did all the hard work himself two minutes later by jinking through Arsenal’s hapless central defensive pairing before drilling low past Bernd Leno.
Mane made it 3-1 on 32 minutes when Salah cushioned a cross perfectly into the Senegalese’s path to side-foot high into the net.
Arsenal were handed a let off moments later by referee Michael Oliver when Granit Xhaka was only given a final warning rather than a second booking in a matter of seconds for kicking the ball away in frustration.
But Oliver gave Liverpool the chance to extend their lead just before half-time when Salah tumbled under pressure from Sokratis in the box.
Leno got a touch to the Egyptian’s spot-kick but couldn’t stop Salah moving level with Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang and Harry Kane as the Premier League’s top scorer on 13.
Liverpool could easily have had more after the break as only a poor touch from Salah allowed Leno to smother and the German ‘keeper also denied Fabinho, while at the other end Aubameyang’s blushes were saved by the offside flag when he fired over with an open goal gaping.
Salah gave up the chance to move clear in the race for the golden boot when Sead Kolasinac pushed Dejan Lovren 25 minutes from time and Firmino gratefully fired home the penalty to round off a five-star performance.
A test that measures wavelengths of light coming off skin cells might detect type 2 diabetes, heart disease and even your risk of dying, new research shows.
It’s possible that – someday – a quick “autofluorescence” light test to the skin might be used by consumers in “supermarkets, pharmacies or drugstores as a first estimate of [health] risk”, according to a Dutch research team.
Natural byproducts of illness
The new device is called an AGE Reader, with AGE standing for chemicals found on skin cells called “advanced glycation end-products”.
AGEs are natural byproducts of illness that can – using the AGE Reader – glow or “fluoresce” on the skin, explained the researchers led by Bruce Wolffenbuttel of the University of Groningen.
Their new study tested the device on the skin of nearly 73 000 people whose health was then tracked up to 10 years, with an average follow-up of four years.
During the follow-up period, more than 1 000 participants went on to develop type 2 diabetes, close to 1 300 developed heart disease and 928 died.
A 1-unit rise in skin autofluorescence using the AGE Reader “was associated with a threefold increase in risk of type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease, and a five-times increased risk of death”, the researchers reported in November in the journal Diabetologia.
Supported by new findings
What’s more, the device’s power at predicting death or disease remained steady even when telltale risk factors – such as obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol or poor blood sugar control – were absent, the study found.
Even after adjusting for those risk factors, a 1-unit rise in the AGE Reader autofluorescence score was tied to a 26% rise in risk for type 2 diabetes; a 33% rise in heart disease risk; and a near-doubling of the odds for death during the follow-up period.
The bottom line is that the new findings support skin autofluorescence “as a first screening method to predict type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality”, the researchers said in a journal news release.
One US diabetes specialist was intrigued by the research.
Dr Gerald Bernstein directs the Friedman Diabetes Program at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. He wasn’t involved in the new study, but is familiar with “AGE” chemicals as natural indicators of health.
“What’s a good example of an AGE that everyone can recognise? On Thanksgiving we put a turkey in the oven with the goal of having a beautiful bird with beautiful browned skin. That browning occurs because of the AGEs in the turkey skin,” Dr Bernstein noted.
Not to be used in nonclinical settings
He explained that in live humans, these proteins “stick to each other and form a web, and this web is an AGE. The formation of AGEs contribute to the complications of diabetes.”
Because AGEs can gradually increase over time, doctors might someday “easily screen whole populations by the fluorescent technique to identify who has AGEs and is therefore at risk”, Dr Bernstein said.
A heart specialist agreed. Dr Guy Mintz called the study “impressive”, and said devices like the AGE Reader “could be a game-changer in cardiovascular and diabetic risk assessment”. He directs cardiovascular health at North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, New York.
Dr Mintz said studies where the AGE Reader was used on a patient’s skin before and after medical treatments would be interesting “to see if the pattern of skin autofluorescence changes with medical and lifestyle interventions”.
However, Dr Mintz did have one reservation: “I do not agree with the author’s [notion] that this technology can be used in nonclinical settings, such as pharmacies, to assess patients’ risk.” He said non-physicians could easily misinterpret test results and that might harm, not help, patients.
Image credit: iStock
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