Whether you have some extra weight in your upper arms or rear end, it makes sense that targeting those areas with exercise—curls for your arms, lunges for your butt—would slim them down.
Weight-loss experts refer to this as “spot reduction.” But it turns out that in most cases, this kind of laser-focused weight loss isn’t possible. One study in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research found that six weeks of intensive ab workouts did nothing to slim the exercisers’ midsections. A related study found that 12-weeks of one-armed workouts resulted in less loose skin in the trained arm, but zero fat loss.
Working out just one part of your body probably won’t slim it down, but some body parts are more likely to shed fat when you exercise. Your stomach is one of them.
“Some fat deposits are more metabolically active than others, and those may be more responsive to exercise interventions,” says Arthur Weltman, a professor of medicine and chair of the department of kinesiology at the University of Virginia. “Abdominal fat in particular is one of the most metabolically active fats.”
When you exercise, your workouts trigger the release of hormones, Weltman explains. The higher the exercise intensity, the more of these hormones your body pumps out, and the more of that metabolically active fat you lose. (Some of Weltman’s research suggests that high intensity interval training (HIIT), in particular, may slim your midsection.)
If you have fat stored in your gut, arms and chest, a lot of your fat is metabolically active, so it will likely respond to exercise and diet changes, he says. That’s especially true of your abdominal fat. The bad news is that extra fat in these regions is also linked with a greater risk for diabetes, heart disease, cancer and other ailments.
On the other hand, if you store excess fat in the hips, butt and thighs, that fat is not metabolically active. You have a lower risk for many diseases, “but that fat is very hard to reduce,” he says.
What type of exercise is best for targeting the tummy? One studycompared strength training to aerobic training in terms of fat reduction in different parts of the body and found that while aerobic training—running, swimming, cycling—led to greater whole-body fat loss, resistance training targeted abdominal fat in particular.
In a nutshell, spot-targeting fat isn’t very effective—in most cases. But if you’re trying to lose fat around your stomach, a mix of resistance training and high-intensity aerobic exercise, along with a healthy diet, may help reduce your belly fat.
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Johannesburg – “We won’t drop the charges against Grace Mugabe. We are frustrated and furious about the police’s handling of the matter,” says Debbie Engels.
Her daughter, Gabriella, 20, says the Zimbabwean first lady hit her with an electric extension cord at a hotel in Sandton until her head bled.
Debbie said according to police, a warrant of arrest would be issued for Mugabe, Netwerk24 reported.
She had been expected to appear in the Wynberg Magistrate’s Court in Johannesburg on Tuesday, but did not arrive. She also didn’t hand herself over to the police.
Meanwhile, it has emerged that Mugabe, who was still in South Africa on Wednesday afternoon, is seeking diplomatic immunity. Earlier rumours had suggested that she returned to Zimbabwe on Tuesday, Jeanelle Greyling reports.
The Zimbabwean government officially informed the Department of International Relations and Co-operation in this regard.
“Her itinerary includes private business, but also participation in the summit of the Southern African Development Community and the bilateral diplomatic meeting being held in Pretoria,” a statement by the police ministry said.
“The suspect stays in South Africa and has not left the country.”
Mugabe was visiting her sons, Robert jnr and Chatunga, on Sunday when she apparently stormed into their room and assaulted Gabriella while her bodyguards watched.
Robert apparently is studying architecture at the University of Johannesburg (UJ), but has never been seen at lectures. It’s not known where Chatunga is studying, but it is not at UJ.
According to reports the two spend a lot of time clubbing and holding excessive parties. They apparently like to spend up to R6 000 on champagne.
They were evicted from a luxury apartment complex in Sandton last month after a spat about girls.
Some of the criticism levelled against them is that they live a life of opulence while most people in Zimbabwe live in abject poverty.
Chatunga was fiercely criticised after he posted a video on social networks in which he bragged about his excessive lifestyle which included booze sessions at the most expensive nightclubs. People in Zimbabwe are especially furious at the comment he makes in the video. “Live your life and have fun.”
In addition to the assault charge she is facing and her sons’ shameful behaviour, Mugabe is also said be paying R70 000 a month for their hotel room.
Robert jnr couldn’t care less about the fracas. On Tuesday, he posted a picture on Facebook with the caption: “They keep on talking, we keep rolling.” He removed the post after a flood of criticism.
PARLIAMENT – Parliament on Wednesday welcomed the North Gauteng High Court ruling setting aside Public Protector Busisiwe Mkhwebane’s remedial action on a bailout given to Bankorp in the apartheid era.
Parliament said it vindicated its position that Mkhwebane’s order to Parliament to amend section 224 of the Constitution to alter the mandate of the SA Reserve Bank had “encroached on the exclusive authority of the Legislature”.
It welcomed her decision to defend the court review of the report, which was brought by the South African Reserve Bank (SARB).
“The Public Protector’s order was unconstitutional as it went beyond the scope of the Public Protector’s mandate. This is strictly confined to the parameters set by the Constitution, of which the Public Protector is a creation and from which she derives her remedial powers.
“This would be so even if the Public Protector intended no more than to order the Chairperson of the Portfolio Committee to introduce a motion for amending the Constitution – because that is also an exclusive function of Parliament.”
Parliament added that Mkhwebane’s order was “profoundly contrary to the values of a democratic government – accountability, responsiveness and openness – and blind to the requirements stipulated for a constitutional amendment”.
Mkhwebane had directed in her report that Absa be ordered to repay R1.12 billion regarding the bailout and gone further to recommend that the Constitution be amended to change the SARB’s mandate from protecting the local currency to ensuring the socio-economic well-being of citizens.
Marikana – The President of the Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (Amcu) Joseph Mathunjwa says the 2012 Marikana massacre is no different to the 1960 Sharpeville massacre.
Muthunjwa said the Marikana incident, however, happened under the constitutional democracy.
“It is shameful that the same people who claim to have liberated us and who condemned police violence against protesters, were the same people who let police kill striking mineworkers,” Mathunjwa said.
He was speaking at the fifth anniversary of the Marikana killings in August 2012.
He received a warm reception at the commemoration.
Siphokazi Maraqana sang the struggle song “Senzenina – What have we done” before Mathunjwa took the stage.
He said in a capitalist system, workers lived under “slave salaries”.
A sea of green Amcu supporters gathered to honour their fallen colleagues.
Some locals put up small stalls selling fruits, beer, cooldrinks and food while a small group of people carried knobkieries and placards which read, “Remembrance of our heroes”.
They marched around the koppie, which was once the scene where the Marikana massacre played out.
The knobkieries were symbolic of August 16, 2012 when 34 mineworkers were shot dead by police during the protest for better wages.
Most of the miners were shot in the back.
The illegal strike began on August 12 and in the days leading up to August 16, 10 people had already been killed. By the end of the strike, the death toll had risen to 44.
Banners with the image of Mgcineni Noki aka “The Man in the Green Blanket” were placed all over the stage which had been set up for the memorial.
Mathunjwa said the workers who assembled at the koppie five years ago, were the real pioneers of radical economic emancipation.
‘This is the land God has given us’
He said five years later, no one had been punished for the killings of the workers adding that the commemoration was a reminder of how long the families of the deceased had suffered.
Mathunjwa has also called for the amendment of the electoral system to allow the country to elect a president instead of political parties.
He said there should be two political parties, namely Democrats and Labour Parties, and that the other parties would just have to look for employment.
Among the politicians were spiritual leaders, who opened proceedings with prayer and thanks-giving.
One of the pastors read from the book of Exodus 3, which stated, “This is the land God has given to us”.
‘They threw it back at me’
When EFF leader Julius Malema arrived, the masses were heard shouting, “Juju juju juju”.
First to take to the stand was DA leader Mmusi Maimane saying the Marikana massacre was something South Africans should never forget.
“We stand together because there is a dictator who killed our people five years ago but they protect him. What happened here five years ago deserves justice,” Maimane said.
He said they won’t rest until that dictator was out, adding that the Gupta money should go to the workers.
The United Democratic Movement (UDM) leader General Bantu Holomisa said he was one of the first who came to Marikana after the shooting. He said it was time to change government.
“I gave Mantashe and Ramaphosa the ball last week and they threw it back at me,” Holomisa said.
Addressing the crowd, Malema said it was a day to remember the fallen heroes.
“The reason we came here, is to remember our fellow comrades who were killed here asking for a living wage. Those who are in power would want us to forget the brutality which was unleashed by the police under the ANC government against innocent workers who were asking for a living wage,” Malema said.
August 16 should be a day which should be celebrated all over the world and not only in Marikana.
“August 16 must be like June 16, because there is nothing different between June 16 and Sharpeville day and Marikana day. Workers, [the] working class was killed by the government, therefore we must remember this day all over South Africa so that government does not repeat a similar mistake,” he said.
He said when the EFF was established in Marikana, most leaders didn’t want to be associated with the people and said they were criminals.
“Ours is not to pay revenge, it is to say to them you were wrong to declare genuine demands of workers as demands of criminals. This day does not exclusively belong to anyone, it belongs to the working class in South Africa and it must be celebrated by all,” he said.
Malema concluded by saying they gave Amcu a million rand to build houses for the families, adding that they are going to contribute more.
“Amcu must know they got an alliance in the EFF, if you want anything raised in Parliament, and you want it to be raised without fear or favour, come to us – we will raise it and the whole world would pay attention.”
Lonmin CEO Ben Magara who also took the stand said Amcu is now the majority union at Lonmin.
Magara said they remained committed to working with the families.
When EFF national chairperson Dali Mpofu delivered his speech, he slammed the government’s promises of compensation payment as “lies”.
“There has been no justice in Marikana for the past five years. It is a disgrace that we are talking about five years and yet not a single cent has been paid in compensation to our people,” Mpofu said.
Mpofu said the government was continuing to torture the people, and that it was time for Zuma to stop playing with the people.
At the end of the commemoration widows of the slain men, and family members were each handed flowers and candles which were then placed in the shape of a cross next to the stage.
Cape Town – Australia captain Michael Hooper has dismissed rumours that his squad is out of form and unfit going into the Rugby Championship opener against the All Blacks in Sydney on Saturday.
Only one Australian team made it to the quarter-finals of Super Rugby this season, therefore a large chunk of the Wallabies squad has not played competitively for quite some time.
Wallabies head coach Michael Cheika held training camps with his squad in Newcastle and Cessnock. The focus was to get the team fit and match ready for the All Blacks, who had four teams in the quarter-finals with the Crusaders going on to win the title.
Hooper, the now full-time skipper in place of Stephen Moore, is pleased with the progress his team has made going into the tournament.
“We’ve seen some really good improvements, immeasurable fitness (gains), during the couple of camps we’ve had,” the flanker told AAP.
“But more than that, some really good mental fitness as well.
“It’s one thing being able to make your targets; it’s another being able to push to get better than what your target is and I think we’ve developed that.
“You would have heard ‘Cheik’ saying ‘guys have learnt how to work hard’ and we’ve definitely achieved that over the course of the last three weeks.”
Australia last won the Bledisloe Cup in 2002. They have only won 12 compared to the All Blacks, who have a staggering 44 titles. Hooper is still confident that his charges can match New Zealand.
“There’s obviously ways they play the game, but every team that plays has weaknesses,” he said.
“They give you a lot of ball, but it’s also one of their strengths. You can make the most of it.
“They’re just a very good team at continually delivering the same picture.
“So to break them down, we’ve got some plans around that and it’s about doing it more consistently than them.”
JOHANNESBURG – Former Paralympian athlete Oscar Pistorius was granted compassionate leave to attend the funeral of his late grandmother‚ Joyce Bekker.
Pistorius was released for a few hours on Wednesday morning to join his family in bidding farewell to his grandmother.
Department of Correctional Services spokesperson, Singabakho Nxumalo confirmed to eNCA.com that Pistorius was granted the leave and had been back to his prison cell at the Atteridgeville Correctional Centre in Pretoria.
“Offenders have to apply for permission for compassionate leave to attend a funeral of a direct family member. Pistorius applied and was granted permission,” said Nxumalo.
He said the former paralympian was accompanied by prison officials to the funeral.
Pistorius is serving a six-year sentence for the murdering his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp, in 2013.
Nxumalo added compassionate leave can also be granted to inmates if a direct family member is suffering from a serious illness and may be thought to be dying.
He said factors taken into consideration before approving leave include behaviour and conduct.
“There is a risk element involved. Permission may be granted to inmates considered medium to low risk, but if an inmate is considered high risk, chances are they would not be granted permission because of risk factors such as escaping,” said Nxumalo.
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