People living with mental health disorders generally struggle to find the correct help and treatment – particularly those living in rural areas.

Sebendzile Mkhomazi (30) of Mpumalanga said this was the case for her as she struggled for years before she was eventually diagnosed with bipolar disorder and given the correct treatment.

Misunderstood

She first experienced the symptoms at the age of 14, just a few months after her mother died.

“At first things were fine, until I started experiencing different emotions. My family thought it was the stress of losing my mother,” Mkhomazi explained.

“Living in a deep rural community with an unknown disorder meant that it took us a long time to eventually get to the clinic. And then when we did, the people didn’t have enough information about the disorder. I was constantly judged and discriminated against. Life became unbearable.

“Even my family knew nothing about the sudden condition that attacked. I remember the were many suggestions that I should go to a sangoma. So my grandparents took me to one known sangoma in the village,” she said, remembering the events that transpired 16 years ago.

“Even though it was many years ago, I still recall those days like it was just yesterday. I was made to drink two litres after two litres of medicines that didn’t help. And I still experienced all those mixed emotions. I was frustrated, but still my father couldn’t stop me from drinking that disgusting and smelly medicine.”

Difficulties at school

She continued, “My years in school were another issue. I remember one of my teachers in grade 9 telling me I will not complete high school because I was stupid and slow learner. Because I couldn’t deal with her, I skipped school a lot.”

Mkhomazi remained confused and helpless, and withdrew from her family. She started drinking heavily and smoking dagga.

“With my disorder and those intoxicating substances my behaviour totally changed. I became violent towards my siblings,” she said.

Eventually her father agreed to take her back to the clinic to seek further help. After being seen by medical professionals she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and immediately put on treatment.

“That changed my life; I was able to concentrate in class and engaged again with my school work.”

Discrimination 

According to the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG), bipolar disorder affects about 1% of the population. While the disorder is sometimes seen in children, the usual age of onset is late adolescence and early adulthood.

“I don’t want to lie. Over the years living in rural community with a disorder was hard. I was stigmatised and discriminated against. But those experiences have made me strong. I have learnt to work more than the average person and I couldn’t let the world determine my future,” she said.

“Just because I have never let people use my disorder to control me, I was able to complete high school. Now I am employed in one of the mines in Gert Sibande District, and over the years I have bought a car and house. I am happy with what I have achieved because it was not an easy journey moving from back there to here.”

Her story is not isolated.

“We have a big problem with stigma and discrimination against people with different chronic illnesses like bipolar disorder. Many people believe it’s a curse, which it is not. With an early diagnosis, treatment and support anyone can live a health and positive life with bipolar,” said community nurse Zanele Zwane. – Health-e News

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Cynthia Maseko

1. You have trouble reaching the big O

A mind or body block could lead to an O that’s MIA.

Physically, many women can’t orgasm from intercourse alone (bring on the clitoral stimulation!). Mentally, the issue is twofold: you need to be focused enough on the sex, but not so focused that you’re geo-tracking when you’re going to come.

Synch up: Slow. Down. Pay attention to how he’s kissing your neck or caressing your inner thigh.

“Our culture is so result-based, when sex is really about giving and receiving pleasure,” says Dr Fleming.

As for clitoral action, ask your guy to reach down and show him how you like it by either guiding his hands with yours or using sexy verbal cues. (“It drives me crazy when you start out slow and then get faster.”) Or take matters into your own hands…

2. He has trouble reaching it

A man’s ability to orgasm can change over time, says Dr Kerner. Sexual novelty is key for some men to get and stay aroused, so if the sex you’re having has become routine, it might be harder for him to orgasm.

Or if how you’re doing it conflicts with his masturbation style (he might go at it hard and rough solo, but you’re slow and sensual together), he might get used to his self-service approach.

Synch up: Schedule two or three 20-minute sessions per week to explore new turn-ons together, whether you do so by reading erotica, trying new positions or watching porn.

Even if you don’t have sex, introducing those sensations into the bedroom could help your guy bust out of that rut to achieve orgasm, says Dr Kerner. If he still can’t get there, he should talk to his doctor to rule out any physiological problems.

Read more: If you want oral sex done right, leave this guide where he’ll see it

3. You’re on new birth control

If your sex drive took a hit soon after going on the Pill (within four to six weeks of starting), that’s likely the culprit.

Birth control pills can lead to a lower level of testosterone, and for some women that can mean lower sexual desire, says gynaecologist Dr Michael Krychman.

Synch up: Talk to your gynae. She might suggest an IUD, like the Mirena, or a different type of pill that has less impact on your hormones or, in some cases, she might suggest a testosterone supplement to counteract the effects of your current Pill.

4. He’s on an antidepressant

Many commonly prescribed antidepressants are in the class of drugs known as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which can affect hormones and mess with desire.

He could have trouble getting or staying hard, or the meds can block or delay his orgasm, says Krychman.

Synch up: Experiment with the timing of sex. Getting your romp in before he pops his daily pill could up his chances of getting hard and getting off.

If it’s interfering heavily, his doctor can change his dose or prescription or adding a PDE5 inhibitor (meds like Viagra) to counteract the libido-lowering effects.

Read more: This is what it’s really like to date on antidepressants

5. You were just promoted

So you’ve got more responsibilities and less time, which calls for you to take a look at your priorities. As caretakers, women juggle many things for themselves and for others, so when you have a long to-do list, sex might fall to the bottom (that is, if it even makes the list).

Synch up: Ask your man to help. If you usually split kid duties equally, ask him to take on more of your share until you settle into your new role. And create a calming place to come home to.

“You’re likely always going to have some amount of stress in your lives, so you need to build an environment that allows you to be sexual,” says Dr Kerner.

6. He just lost his job

Men’s sexual performance and self-esteem are closely linked.

“Our society teaches men to be performance-driven,” says Dr Fleming. “His ability to perform at his job and in bed are tied up in his identity.”

And that failure (at least in his eyes) is likely amplified if he’s the sole provider.

Synch up: “The foundation of arousal is relaxation,” says Dr Fleming, so find ways to help release some of that tension, like going for a run.

And in the bedroom, keep the intimacy humming without the expectation of sex to avoid making him feel pressured to perform. Give him a sensual massage or even just a long hug (at least 20 seconds). Physical contact can release oxytocin, which will boost your bond.

<sup>This article was originally featured on www.womenshealthmag.com 

Image credit: iStock</sup>

Jamie Hergenrader

Trends can sometimes be misleading – just because a diet or fitness plan is trending, doesn’t mean it will give you the same results.

Here’s a look at our top seven health trends of 2017.

1. Calorie in, calorie out diet (CICO)

2017 welcomed yet another diet claiming to be the diet to help you reach your body goals.

The CICO diet looks at managing your kilojoule intake by making sure you consume less than what you burn. Physiqonomics.com explains that calorie implies the unit in which energy is burnt.

Most people will have different experiences when following the CICO eating plan. The plan needs to be bespoke, taking into account your goal weight and the amount of kilojoules you need, as well as the amount of kilojoules you will need to lose weight.

2. Wearable technology

More and more people are wearing some kind of health-tracking device. There are many wearables available, ranging from Fitbit and Garmin to the Apple watch, TOMTOM, Samsung and a host of others.

These devices have the potential to track much more then just your time, distance and step count. Most wearables can monitor your blood pressure too.

They also capture data that could be useful for your physician when assessing your health or making a diagnosis. 

3. HIIT

High intensity training, or HIIT, has and still is a huge favourite for many people trying to get fit and stay fit. The short but high energy workouts are perfect for busy individuals as an entire exercise session can be condensed into 20-30 minutes. 

4. Open air yoga

Yoga in the park or on the beach has definitely been a trend in South Africa. The combination of being in nature while simultaneously meditating through a great workout has quickly become a popular fitness activity.

Yoga studios such as The Om Revolution in Cape Town offer summertime sunset classes on Clifton beach, but also host a range of other yoga classes in public gardens like The Company’s Garden and Keurboom Park. 

5. Wellness coaching

Holistic health is always the goal. The focus has shifted from not only being physically healthy but also realising the importance of mental health in 2017. Health24 has a helpful article with tips to manage anxiety.

If you want to improve your mental health, experts suggest you prioritise time for meditation or see a therapist. 

Earlier this year Madalyn Parker from the USA shared her story about choosing to take a mental health day off from work. She tweeted her CEO’s response, which went viral on social media because it was not the response many would have expected from a CEO.

6. The power of social media

This year I’m sure you couldn’t scroll through your news feed on Instagram or Facebook without seeing a post of a friend’s recent run using their fitness app such as NikeRun or Strava.

Social media has definitely become a space where people are motivated to keep fit and eat healthy. And it is a lot easier to weed out the negativity by simply unfollowing those who don’t motivate you.

After posting a pic of the run you just finished or the super healthy smoothie you’re about to have, the likes and comments from friends and followers give a sense of positive feedback which everyone enjoys.

According to TopHashtags.com some of the top 100 hashtags used on Instagram in 2017 include #fitness #motivation #gym #healthy #fit and #workout.

7. Ketogenic diet

More commonly known as the Keto diet, the name is derived from the word ketosis. The objective of the diet is to reach a state of ketosis where the body uses fat as its primary source of energy and relies less on carbohydrates for energy.

If you were following this diet your kilojoule intake would be 75-90% fat, 6-20% protein and the remaining 2-5% kilojoules would be from carbohydrates.

The New England Journals of Medicine explains that there is risk of ketoacidosis when on the Keto diet and advises that it be followed under the supervision of a physician. Ketoacidosis occurs when there is an excess of ketones which increases the acidity of your blood and could have a fatal effect. 

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Tarryn Temmers

Looking for the elixir of life? We hate to let you down, but it doesn’t exist.

That doesn’t mean you can’t live a long, strong, healthy life.

Consider this your manual to be the best you, at every stage of your life.

Regardless of the DNA you inherited, you can get slimmer, stronger and smarter as you grow older.

This is not just for looks, but rather so you can enjoy every single day and do all the things you want, right up until your last breath. (And let’s be honest, a six pack is a great side benefit.)

Read on for advice from role models from a variety of training and fitness backgrounds.

20s

The lowdown

Physically, you’re in your prime. Now’s the time to take advantage of that before age-associated illnesses or injuries potentially sink in down the line. If you’re looking at breaking any records, world or personal, now’s the time.

“Both your testosterone and human growth hormones (HGH) are at their all-time high, your anaerobic capacity is virtually limitless, your recovery time is shorter than ever and your confidence is through the roof,” says Brandon Hinton, owner and head trainer at pureathleteperformance.com.

Hinton says you should prioritise speed and power while laying the foundation to long-term performance. “Your programme should include plenty of explosive movements in the weights room, paired with doses of cardio.”

But don’t let youth go to your head. “Stay focused on form, ensuring every rep is done correctly to avoid a visit to the doctor.”

Ryle De Morny

Height: 1.83m
Weight: 80kg
Age: 28

Secret to success: consistency

De Morny is a national competitive lifeguard, personal trainer and entrepreneur. “Early on in my 20s I was all about gains and aesthetics,” says the 28-year-old Capetonian. “Now that I’m focusing on performance, the looks are coming anyway. I’m constantly learning as I compete and travel and chat to guys,” he says – and this approach extends to his training, a varied mix of sprint sessions, open-water and flat-water paddling sessions, as well as CrossFit and functional gym training.

“Perhaps the most important thing I’ve learnt through my 20s is to be more efficient in my training,” he says. According to De Morny, it’s more effective to stick to consistent sessions than three or four massive sessions in a week. He is also adamant that you shouldn’t neglect pre-hab.

“Add just one day of mobility work to your schedule, and work essential areas, like rotator cuffs, that can wear out from overuse.”

Your play: red line your training

Your capacity to maintain intense effort and your ability to recover between sessions is higher than it will ever be. You can thank your raging T-levels for this.

1. Explode
Sprint efforts, such as hill repeats or shuttle runs, will allow you to enter the sacred red zone, leading to an increase in both your VO2 Max and lactate threshold. Adding this into your training routine just a few times per week will greatly increase your anaerobic capacity and long-term cardiac health.

2. Rest short and hard
The amount of recovery time needed between training sessions is less than ever, allowing you to double up training days and maximise your potential. This is due to a lower resting heart rate and peaking HGH levels. Pair this with a regular eight hours of sleep and the occasional afternoon siesta to really tap into your potential.

Weekly training overview: your training breakdown

Strength training (2 to 3 sets of <6 reps at 85–95% of max, 1 or 2 times per week)
Power training (3 to 4 sets of 5 reps at 75% of max, 1 or 2 times per week)
Cardio (20 to 30 minutes of high-intensity cardio, 1 or 2 times per week)
Cross training (30 or 60 minutes of low-intensity cardio once a week)

The workout: Take 2 seconds to lift and 4 seconds to return. Rest 2 minutes between short sets, and 1 in the long sets.

Day 1 and day 3: strength training
Keep to a tempo of 3 seconds up, 3 seconds down with each lift, resting for 2 minutes between each set
Deadlift: 3 sets of 6 reps
Bench press: 3 sets of 6 reps
Squat: 3 sets of 6 reps
Bent-over row: 3 sets of 6 reps
Alternating lunge: 3 sets of 6 reps

Day 2 and day 4: cardio
Warm-up and cool down with 10 minutes easy jogging
30 seconds max effort, 2.5 minutes easy. Repeat 10 times

Day 5: power lifting
Keep the tempo explosive at 1 second up, 1 second down with each rep, resting for a full 3 minutes between each set.
Clean and press: 4 sets of 5 reps
Alternating split – squat jump: 4 sets of 5 reps
Clapping push-up: 4 sets of 5 reps
Box jump: 4 sets of 5 reps

30s

The lowdown

The time when too many let go and write off a bulge in waist size to the nine-to-five grind, piled on top of dad duties. Don’t let it happen to you.

“Know this: after 30 years of development, your cardio engine is at its peak, making it the perfect time to chase that fitness and possibly sporting dream you’ve always longed for – like completing a stage race or marathon,” says Hinton.

He’s quick to add that while it’s important to keep the physical engine going, this is also a time when you should be paying a lot more attention to your mental wellbeing.

“Make time for yourself,” he says. According to an article published in the BC Medical Journal, stress is one of the main reasons of suicide in 30- to 40-year-old males.

“Just as you schedule important meetings with the senior manager into your diary, schedule in your workouts, too. Not only will this ensure you regularly get your sweat on, but it’ll provide you with a chance to work on your mental health too.”

Siv Ngesi

Height: 1.76m

Weight: 88kg
Age: 31

Secret to success: do what you love

Sivuyile “Siv” Ngesi is an actor, comedian and MC. Currently he’s shooting a global travel show, so his schedule is so hectic that he doesn’t see much home and gym time. Yet he still makes it happen.

“In my 30s I’ve realised that I have to be smarter with my workouts,” he says. “Before, I could workout for an hour, not eat any protein and still gain muscle. And then just bounce back and do it again the next day – not anymore.”

According to Ngesi, the most important part of his training now is not the workout but the recovery process. “I make sure that I’ve eaten before a workout, and make sure that I fill up with protein when I’m done.”

Because his schedule is so demanding, Ngesi believes it’s crucial to do a type of training or cardio activity that makes you happy, while giving great physical benefits. For him, that’s boxing.

Your play: capitalise on endurance

“Although your ability to maintain a maximum effort for extended periods of time is dwindling, your tank is bigger than ever before,” says Hinton – so now is the best time to hit the tarmac or trail.

“Not only will the longer hours of training and competition put you right in the sweet-spot of your fat-burning zone, but it’ll also ramp up your serotonin – the feel-good hormone responsible for regulating both sleep patterns and appetite while increasing mood and sexual desire.”

He suggests the following:

1. Stay functional
Start and end each session with a minimum of 15 minutes of mobility work. This includes functional movements (like bear crawls and walk-outs) with foam-rolling and dynamic stretching to keep you supple and injury-free.

2. Keep a tempo
Tempo sessions on the indoor rower provide the perfect opportunity to increase your lactate threshold (the point that your cardio system begins to produce lactic acid faster than it can get rid of). Not only will this offer a full-body shred session, but it’ll increase your cardiovascular systems efficiency in absorbing and transporting oxygen.

Weekly training overview: your training breakdown

Hypertrophy training (3 to 6 sets of 6 to 12 reps at 67 to 85% of max, 1 or 2 times per week)
Mobility training (30 minutes of functional movements, foam-rolling and stretching, 2 or 3 times per week)
Tempo training (5 to 10, 5-minute efforts at 70 to 80% of your max heart rate, 1 or 2 times per week)
Aerobic training ( >60 minutes at 60 to 70% of your max heart rate, 1 or 2 times per week)

The workout: Take 2 seconds to lift and 4 seconds to return. Rest 2 minutes between short sets, and 1 in the long sets.

Day 1 and 3: hypertrophy training
Keep to a tempo of 3 seconds up, 3 seconds down with each lift, resting for 60 seconds between each set.
Front squat: 5 sets of 10 reps
Hip thrust: 5 sets of 10 reps
Upright row: 5 sets of 10 reps
Overhead press: 5 sets of 10 reps
Barbell roll outs: 5 sets of 10 reps

Day 2 and 4: aerobic training
Warm-up and cool down with 10 minutes easy jogging
60 minutes at 60 to 70% of your max heart rate

Day 5: tempo training
Warm-up and cool down with 10 minutes easy jogging
5 minutes at 70 to 80% of MHR, 1 minute at 60% of MHR. Repeat 5 times

Day 6: mobility training
Warm up with 15 minutes of foam-rolling
Bear crawls: 3 sets of 15 reps
Walk-outs: 3 sets of 15 reps
Body weight pistol squat: 3 sets of 15 reps
Pull-up: 3 sets of 15 reps
Straight-arm plank: 3 sets of 45 seconds
Shoulder taps: 3 sets of 15 reps (per arm)

40s

The lowdown

As you age, gain experience and grow wise, so your training should evolve, too.

“Complex training is your new best friend,” Hinton says. “Short, high-intensity forms of training are time-efficient and will leave your metabolism scorching calories long after you leave the gym.”

Hinton suggests pairing a strength exercise with a multi-joint plyometric exercise (such as a bench press and clapping push-ups) into complex sets with little to no rest between.

“This will stimulate fast-twitch fibre growth while simultaneously awakening the nervous system.”

This in turn can help fight the onset of Alzheimer’s and dementia, both of which are more likely to develop in your 40s. Now might be the best time to invest in a coach.

“The extra set of eyes will ensure that you focus on form over load, breaking bad habits that you might have formed over the years.”

Grant Baker

Height: 1.80m
Weight: 73kg
Age: 44

Secret to success: do something everyday

Grant “Twiggy” Baker is a multiple RAMP UP THE HIIT WSL World Big Wave surfing champion and one of South Africa’s most accomplished all-round watermen.

“Big wave surfing is all about confidence,” says the man from KZN. “Your mental confidence comes directly from your physical conditioning; if you’re not feeling fit and healthy you’re going to have a problem committing to a big wave.”

Baker stays in shape and keeps his confidence sharp by hitting the gym three times a week. “For the first time in my life I have a personal trainer,” he admits, explaining how in his 20s and 30s he could get away with just surfing as training, but to stay at the top of his sport, he’s had to ramp up his cross-training.

“If I’m honest, I think I’m in better shape now than ever, purely because I’m putting in the time and the work.”

“My gym training is obviously surf-focused, but kind of broad at the same time. With surfing your upper back, shoulders and arms get a lot of work – and at gym we focus on other areas, like my chest, core and legs, which doesn’t get the workout from the surfing.”

Baker has had knee surgery and lower back issues in the past few years so that also factors into his programme. “We are also working on those areas and making sure I’m strong around there so those problems don’t recur.”

“When you’re young you tend not too focus too much on what you eat,” Baker says. “But, as you get older and want to keep competing at the highest level, your diet becomes more and more important too.”

Most importantly though, Baker gets in the water every day, in some way or other. “Depending on conditions, I will either surf, stand-up paddleboard, kite-surf or spearfish,” he says. “Doing something in the ocean every day not only helps maintain my fitness levels, but also helps keep me in tune with the ocean.”

Your play: ramp up the HIIT.

“Combining strength training with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) will allow you to enhance both your cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength in one short workout – the perfect concoction for blasting fat during your busy schedule,” says Hinton.

According to Hinton, the key is to make sure you keep the work-to-rest ratio even, with intense efforts at 80 to 95% of your max heart rate, lasting between 1 to 8 minutes with an equal active recovery at 40 or 50% of your max.

“Don’t skimp on an effective cool down, either. Spend a minimum of 10 to 15 minutes at the end of each session dedicated to light cardio and stretching as your body enters the post-exercise period called Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) – a two-hour period where the body continues to burn calories, totalling to 6 to 15% of the overall workout energy expenditure.”

Here’s what he suggests:

1. Recovery
Don’t skip on the shuteye. A 2010 study published in the journal Sleep, conducted over 25 years covering more than 1.3 million participants, discovered that those who got fewer than six hours of shuteye per night were 12% more likely to die prematurely. Here’s the worse news: those who overslept (nine hours and up per night) were even more at risk, at 25%. Why? Sleeping too much is seen as a potential indicator of underlying ailments.

The sweet spot: a regular seven hours per night. This will not only improve your life expectancy through the steady release of growth hormones, but also increase your immune health and memory, while reducing your hunger levels. However, your recovery goes beyond sleep: take in a minimum of 56g of lean protein per day and set aside the time to give your body some TLC too.

2. Myofascial release
As you settle into the sedentary life, your joints begin to lose their capability, and you are less able to move through the same range of motion as you did 10 years ago. Increasing your mobility through regular foam-rolling and dynamic stretching can help release tight fascia (also known as trigger points), relieve muscle pain, increase circulation and gradually restore your range of motion.

Weekly training overview: your training breakdown

HIIT training (30 to 40 minutes of 1 to 8 minutes at 80 to 95% of MHR with equal active recovery at 40 to 50% of MHR, 1 to 3 times per week)
Mobility training (30 minutes of functional movements, foam-rolling and stretching, 1 or 2 times per week)
Core strength (2 to 3 sets of 12 to 20 reps at <67% of max, 1 to 2 time per week)
Aerobic training (60 to 90 minutes at 60 to 70% of your max heart rate, 1 or 2 times per week)

The workout: Day 1 and 5: HIIT and mobility training

Mobility:
Foam-rolling: 10 minutes
Walk-outs: 12 reps
Single-leg body weight deadlift: 12 reps
Resistance-band hamstring stretch: 30 seconds
Pigeon stretch: 30 seconds
Doorway pec stretch: 30 seconds

HIIT:
Push-up: 2 minutes, as many reps as possible for time
Indoor rower: 2 minutes at 40–50% of MHR
Alternating split-squat jump: 2 minutes, as many reps as possible for time
Jog: 2 minutes at 40 to 50% of MHR repeat 4 or 5 times
Keep to a tempo of 3 seconds up, 3 seconds down with each lift, resting for 60 seconds between each set.

Day 2 and 6: aerobic training

60 to 90 minutes of cycling at 60 to 70% of your max heart rate

Day 3: core strength
Plank: 3 sets of 60 seconds
Side plank: 3 sets of 45 seconds per
Side single-leg glute bridge: 3 sets of 60 seconds per side
Barbell roll-out: 3 sets of 15 reps
Russian twist: 3 sets of 15 reps

50s

The lowdown

Truth is that you no longer working out to look good, but you’re working out to stay alive. Exercise – with its ability to fight off disease, boost your immune system and improve your sex life – has been proven to be one of the most beneficial forms of medicine out there, so the bigger the dose, the better.

Although you can’t jump as high or run as fast as the young guns, you are still able to hold your pace as your endurance capacity is just as potent as it was in your early 20s.

“Now’s the time to find something that excites you and drives you to get up and training through those winter mornings,” says Hinton. Maybe it’s time to take on that crazy idea of conquering the Cape Epic or tackling an Ironman?

Non-weight bearing activities, such as swimming and cycling, are great for your joints, but don’t skip the gym. “As you age, your bone density decreases and the chance of developing osteoporosis skyrockets. Resistance training will not only prevent that, but also increase the production of synovial fluid (the lube to your joints) to fight off the dangers of osteoarthritis.”

Manny Bisogno

Height: 1.79m
Weight: 73kg
Age: 57

Secret to success: find your joy

Manny Bisogno is stronger than you are. While running his own business, an industrial laundry company that operates 24 hours a day, 365 days of the year, he still managed to claim the African title in his age category in the recent Reebok CrossFit Open, a five-week global competition.

“The main reason I train is because I wanted to outlive my dad,” Bisogno says. “He died at 39 from a heart attack. So from a very young age, I played a lot of sport, because I wanted to keep fit, but I also really enjoyed it.”

Bisogno has actively competed in various sports over the years and believes that enjoyment is the key. “I ran marathons for five years, then also paddled in the ocean for five years and then I lost the enjoyment. Now I have CrossFit. That enjoyment is key to staying motivated.”

Aside from the fun factor, Bisogno is adamant that you need to make time in your schedule to train, no matter how busy you are and, involve your family.

“Make training a part of your life. If you have a family, get them involved: the minute you start doing anything that cuts out your family, it becomes an issue – and it’s hard enough trying to bring up a family without creating extra unnecessary pressure,” he says. “I have daughters, and growing up, they always saw us training and thought we were crazy. Today, they train twice a day. My youngest daughter is 23; she trains twice a day. I actually only started going to Cape CrossFit in the first place because my middle daughter went before me and pushed me to try it.”

Your play: don’t slow down too much

Not everyone will have Bisogno’s drive and years of base training background, but that shouldn’t stop you from making things happen. Hinton suggests:

1. Get excited
Shake up the routine and try something new, take on a challenge, sign up to a running club or make a bet with friends.

2. Splurge
Invest in some good equipment. Expert advice will increase your efficiency and reduce your chance of becoming injured.

3. Take it easy
Focus on going long and far. Pace yourself over the climbs, keeping your average heart rate below 70% of MHR.

4. Stay agile
Emphasise neuromuscular coordination: the ability of the central nervous system to control muscles. Functional movements, like body weight squats, and hand-eye coordination drills will help.

Weekly training overview: your training breakdown

Strength endurance training (2 to 3 sets of 12 to 20 reps at <67% of max, 2 to 3 times per week)
Mobility training (30 minutes of functional movements, hand-eye coordination drills, foam-rolling and dynamic stretching, 1 to 2 times per week)
Aerobic endurance training (60 minutes at 60 to 70% of your max heart rate, 2 to 3 times per week)

The workout

Take 2 seconds to lift and 4 seconds to return. Rest 2 minutes between short sets, and 1 in the long sets

Day 1 and 4: strength endurance and mobility training

Mobility

Foam-rolling: 10 minutes
Walk-outs: 12 reps
Single-leg body weight
Deadlift: 12 reps
Resistance-band hamstring stretch: 30 seconds
Pigeon stretch: 30 seconds
Doorway pec stretch: 30 seconds
Game of catch: 2 sets of 30 30 seconds, one hand only

Strength endurance

Air squat: 3 sets of 15 reps
Walking lunges: 3 sets of 15 reps
Push-ups: 3 sets of 15 reps
Tricep dips: 3 sets of 15 reps
Supported pull-ups: 3 sets of 15 reps
Plank: 3 sets of 45 seconds
Side plank: 3 sets of 30 seconds

Day 2, 5 and 7: aerobic endurance training

Endurance training

Warm-up with 10 minutes easy

70 minutes at 60 to 70% of your max heart rate

Cool down with 10 minutes of static stretching

This article was originally featured on www.mh.co.za

Image credit: iStock

As summer temperatures soar, you might be tempted to add an extra water bottle to your ride to stay better hydrated.

But before you do, you should know a few things about how your body actually absorbs fluid.

Hydration and fluid absorption are not the same

Just drinking a ton of water doesn’t mean that you’re necessarily able to use all of it, explains Stacy Sims, PhD, founder of Osmo Nutrition.

Yes, you want to drink enough, but to achieve a well-hydrated state, you actually need to absorb the fluids you’re consuming.

“Being hydrated means that you have all of your total body water compartments at a relatively even balance,” she says. “Fluid absorption is drinking something and pulling that fluid into different compartments.”

Otherwise, you’re just giving yourself more reasons to pee.

You need more than just water

When considering the water in your body, think about this: While it’s true that we are primarily made up of water, none of it is plain H2O.

So for your drink to be easily absorbed within the gut and to spread into the cells that need it most, it needs to have the right mix of water and electrolytes.

“You primarily need some sodium and a bit of glucose in a drink,” Sims says. “A bit of sugar in with the electrolytes gives the best absorption so that you’re able to pull that fluid across and mitigate dehydration issues.”

Drinking your kilojoules may be hurting your ride and your gut

Just because you shouldn’t only drink plain water doesn’t mean that you should opt for kilojoule-laden sports drinks. These sugary beverages sit in your stomach and draw water from other spaces in the body – essentially dehydrating you in the process.

“You should never be looking at your drink as a calorie source because then it’s not going to hydrate you. You’ll end up pulling water from other places to dilute it,” Sims says.

Women may need a different drink mix than men

Sims is well known for saying, “Women are not small men.”

She’s based much of her research and product development on the concept, specifically when it comes to women’s needs for sports drinks.

“Women can’t absorb as much fructose as men, so sports drinks containing fructose tend to contribute to GI distress and dehydration in women. It’s like dumping a bunch of carbohydrates into your body,” she says.

The fructose hangs out in the intestines until you can activate it.

If you’re a female cyclist shopping for a sports drink, steer clear of those that are high in fructose.

Pregame for your ride with a pinch of salt

If you love salty food, you’ll love Sims’ next piece of advice: Drink water with a pinch of sea salt throughout the day, especially before a ride, to prep for maximum fluid absorption during your ride.

During exercise, your body is busy sending blood flowing to muscles, instead of expending energy moving fluid across the intestines.

However, during rest, that blood flow diversion doesn’t happen quite the same way.

So there’s adequate glucose in the stomach and intestines to help transport water, as long as there is also enough sodium present.

“If you drink water with a little bit of salt while not exercising, it actually facilitates the fluid being absorbed,” Sims says, “because you don’t have to pull sodium from other places into the intestines for absorption. It’s already right there.”

Over-drinking can be as bad as under-drinking

Over-drinking is a problem for riders, both in terms of hydration status and, if you’re using a sugary drink, weight gain.

“New athletes who have gone through programs like Team in Training often over-drink as they try to improve performance,” Sims says. “This is because it’s been instilled in them to drink 250ml every 15 minutes, regardless of what they’re doing and who they are.”

The idea that athletes should drink X amount of fluid per hour is a mistake, but unfortunately…

…There’s no perfect formula for how much to drink

There is no simple calculation to determine exactly how much you need to drink on a ride. Your gender, weight, sweat rate and fitness level are all factors, as are the conditions you’re riding in (hot, cold, wet or dry) and the type of ride you’re doing.

Drinking just the right amount is a game of trial and error, but consulting an expert, like a sports nutritionist or even your coach, may help get you closer to perfect hydration status.

^{This article was originally featured on www.bicycling.co.za}

^{Image credit: iStock}

Molly Hurford