Sanele Nohamba said Saturday’s Super Rugby unlocked clash with the Bulls wouldn’t necessarily hinge on the battle of the halfbacks.
The Sharks travel to Loftus this weekend, the scene of their 49-28 Super Fan Saturday massacre.
Nohamba faces the possibility of a tough test against two Bok-capped halfbacks, Embrose Papier and Ivan van Zyl.
Sharks hot stuff Sanele Nohamba said Saturday’s Super Rugby unlocked clash with the Bulls wouldn’t necessarily hinge on the battle of the halfbacks.
Nohamba has maintained the form that brought him into countrywide prominence since his breakthrough Currie Cup season last year and onto the Super Rugby season that ended due to the Covid-19 pandemic in March.
He again impressed as part of the Springbok Showdown this month before putting a clean performance on for the Sharks in their first Super Rugby Unlocked outing against the Lions a fortnight ago.
But come the weekend, he will face up to either Embrose Papier or Ivan van Zyl, both of whom are capped Springboks, a badge Nohamba has yet to wear, though it seems only a matter of time.
The Bulls halfback pair has also been bolstered by the inclusion of former Bok mastermind Fourie du Preez, who is an Einstein of the No 9 trade, into the Bulls coaching consultants.
“Both of them are good scrumhalfs and they’ve got a good kicking game,” said Nohamba.
“But I think it will be a team effort and won’t be one-on-one battles. We just need to handle those kicks and everything that they bring to the table and play from there.
“The last time we were up there, our kicking game wasn’t as sharp. If we fix that, we will take that counter-attacking option away from them and away from their quick outside backs.
“I’ve sharpened up on what I need to do for the team and I haven’t changed anything on my side.
“The things we can do better is our approach to the breakdown and our mindset.
“Those were the two things we picked up from that warm-up game and we fixed it during the week, so we are ready to go.”
The Sharks had a bye last weekend, which Nohamba said was good for the players, who are still adjusting to the return to competitive play after five months indoors during lockdown.
“The bye week was obviously good for the body, for the guys to get some rest, to reset and come back firing for this next game,” Nohamba said.
“The Bulls are going pretty well. They are a physical side, so that’s what’s expected this weekend. We just need to match their physicality and then I think we stand a good chance of winning.
“We’ve had a change of mindset. Three weeks ago it didn’t go too well for us, but a change of mindset will allow us to do what we do best, which is to play our kind of rugby.”
And what did the 21-year-old make of his inclusion into the Springbok Showdown and rubbing shoulders with the country’s elite rugby players?
“It was a great experience to be in the Springbok mix,” he said.
“I learnt a lot that week and I’ve brought those things back here. It’s great that we will have all the internationals playing in the domestic tournaments after the Springboks decided not to play the Rugby Championship.
“That means you get to measure yourself against the best in the country. For guys like us (young players) it’s better to play against that calibre of players.”
Pretoria, Friday 16 October 2020 – The South African Revenue Service (SARS) welcomes the North High Court decision in the matter between the Commissioner for the SARS and Zikhulise Cleaning Maintenance and Transport Service on 14 October 2020. A final liquidation order was finally issued against a company who was placed in provisional liquidation in 2018. The company through its representative, Ms Mkize, opposed the granting of a final order. The company attempted to show that it met the solvency test by disputing its debt to SARS. The Judge relied on SARS version of the company’s indebtedness and confirmed that the company was factually and legally insolvent.
The judgment reaffirmed SARS’ right to liquidate a taxpayer where an assessment is under appeal. The judge confirmed when it is just and equitable to liquidate a company and made numerous references to the company’s behaviour, specifically ceding State tenders to the detriment of its creditor SARS, and benefitting from State funding yet avoiding its tax obligations.
This precedent-setting judgement is important in a number of ways. It empowers SARS to act decisively against a taxpayer who attempts to circumvent its fiscal obligations by using the court process to restrict SARS from collecting outstanding debt. While SARS will always respect the right of taxpayers to approach the courts to seek relief, it will oppose any such court action if it is vexatious and intent on stalling the debt collection process.
Commissioner Edward Kieswetter expressed SARS’ unyielding commitment to enforce compliance against taxpayers who abuse the legal process to avoid their obligations.
“SARS will act within the law and will pursue without fear or favour any taxpayer who is bent on evading their legal obligations,” he said.
He further stated that it was unconscionable that taxpayers, especially those that have made their fortunes through government tendering, would through their carefully calibrated actions, seek to deprive poor and vulnerable South Africans who depend on state-funded social grants by not paying their taxes.
The SARS Commissioner said SARS would at all times work towards finding a mutually acceptable solution for taxpayers by providing certainty and clarity as well as making it easy for taxpayers to meet their obligations. However, SARS would also oppose to the highest court of the land any action that is ill advised- and ill construed. This more so, if it is pursued by people who brazenly and ostentatiously defy the law.
“This victory must send a clear and unambiguous message to all citizens that SARS will make it costly and hard for taxpayers who choose the path of non-compliance.”
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Financial Accountant in East London | Accountant | Job Mail | 5035830
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Our client based in East London is looking for a Financial Account: Education & Qualification:
BCom in Finance, Accounting Sciences, Financial Accounting, Financial Management – 5 Years experience
– Excellent Mathematical Skills
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– Filing / Paper Management
– Excel Competence
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EXPERIENCE AND QUALIFICATIONS/TRAINING
• Grade 12
• National Diploma in Engineering (Mechanical and/or Electrical)
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• Proven experience as a maintenance manager or supervisor essential.
• Knowledge and understanding of basic elements of Health and Safety
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If you meet the above criteria and have the relevant experience and attributes, please submit your CV to Samantha at samanthat@havenhealth.net clearly marked “MMHR” with three (3) contactable references.
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Cape Union Mart International (Pty) Ltd has been equipping South African adventurers since 1933, and is South Africa’s favourite outdoor adventure store. Stocking everything one needs for outdoor pursuits – including hiking, camping, trail running, mountain biking, snow sports, travel and more – Cape Union Mart is an essential first step in every adventure. Cape Union Mart has stores across South Africa, and in Namibia and Botswana.
In the earliest days of the pandemic, many immunologists, including me, assumed that patients who produced high quantities of antibodies early in infection would be free from disease. We were wrong.
Several months into studying Covid-19, like other scientists, I’ve come to realize the picture is far more complicated. A recent research study published by my colleagues and me adds more evidence to the idea that in some patients, preventing dysregulated immune system responses may be as important as treating the virus itself.
I am an immunologist at Emory University working under the direction of Dr. Ignacio Sanz, Emory’s chief of rheumatology. Immune dysregulation is our specialty.
Inflammation in Covid-19
A harrowing turn in the Covid-19 pandemic occurred with the realization that the immune system’s power in fighting infection was sometimes pyrrhic. In patients with severe Covid-19 infections, evidence emerged that the inflammatory process used to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus were, in addition to fighting the virus, potentially responsible for harming the patient. Clinical studies described so-called cytokine storms in which the immune system produced an overwhelming quantity of inflammatory molecules, antibodies triggering dangerous blood clots and inflammation of multiple organ systems, including blood vessels, in Covid-recovered children. All these were warning signs that in some patients, immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes Covid-19, may have tipped from healing to destructive.
Quick thinking and courageous decisions made by physicians on the front lines led to the use of steroids, medicines that dampen the immune response, early on in the course of infection of hospitalized patients. This approach has saved lives.
But it’s not yet clear what parts of the immune system physicians are dampening that is having the effect. Understanding the nature of immune dysregulation in Covid-19 could help identify patients in whom these treatments are most effective. It may even justify more targeted and powerful approaches for modulating the immune system currently reserved for autoimmune diseases.
The right antibodies take time
Antibodies are powerful weapons. Produced by white blood cells called B cells, they latch onto infectious agents like viruses and bacteria and prevent them from infecting your healthy cells. These antibody-virus aggregates unleash powerful inflammatory reactions and serve as homing beacons that allow the rest of your immune system to target the pathogens efficiently. In some circumstances, they can even kill.
Antibodies are so powerful that cases of mistaken identity – when a B cell produces antibodies that attack a person’s own cells – can lead to widespread organ damage and establish a perpetual cycle of immune self-targeting. We refer to this state of self-destruction as an autoimmune disease.
To avoid autoimmune disaster, and to ensure effective response against the invading pathogen, B cells undergo a training process. Those that respond to the virus refine their antibodies and mature, ensuring potent antibodies capable of disabling the invader. B cells that target your own tissue are destroyed.
But that maturation process takes time. Two weeks of B cell “training” during a severe infection can mean the difference between life and death. Faster antibody responses are needed. To bridge that gap, the immune system has an alternative form of B cell activation – called extrafollicular activation – that generates fast-acting antibodies that seem to bypass many of the known safety checks that accompany a more precise response.
Extrafollicular responses develop quickly, are short-lived by design and die back when the more targeted responses emerge onto the scene.
Except when they don’t.
Autoimmune-like responses in Covid-19
Between 2015 and 2018, our lab found that these extrafollicular immune system responses were a common characteristic of people who suffered from autoimmune diseases, such as lupus. Patients suffering from this disease show chronically active extrafollicular responses that led to high levels of self-targeted antibodies and destruction of organs such as the lungs, heart and kidneys.
The presence of specific kinds of B cells generated by extrafollicular responses in the blood can be an important indicator of disease severity in lupus, and now also Covid-19.
In a recently published paper, my colleagues and I have identified extrafollicular B cell signatures in cases of severe Covid-19 similar to those we saw in active lupus. We showed that early on in the response to infection, patients with severe disease undergo a rapid activation of this fast-track pathway for antibody production. These patients produce high levels of viral-specific antibodies, some which are capable of neutralizing the virus. However, in addition to those protective antibodies, some that we saw look suspiciously like the ones found in autoimmune disorders such lupus.
In the end, patients with these autoimmune-like B cell responses fare poorly, with high incidences of systemic organ failure and death.
Tempering immune responses in Covid-19
Let me be clear here: Covid-19 is not an autoimmune disorder. The autoimmune-like inflammatory responses my team discovered could simply reflect a “normal” response to a viral infection already out of hand.
However, even if this kind of response is “normal,” it doesn’t mean that it’s not dangerous. These prolonged extrafollicular responses have been shown to contribute to autoimmune disease severity both through the production of self-targeted antibodies and through inflammation that can damage tissue like the lung and kidney. This suggests that these early immune responses to a viral infection like Covid-19 are in tension with the later-targeted antibody response; in other words, the body’s rapid antibody production to nab the virus runs the risk of targeting not the virus, but the patient’s own organs and tissues.
Immunologists like me need to learn more. Why are only some patients turning on such strong extrafollicular B cell responses? Are the antibodies that result from this response particularly prone to attacking and destroying the host’s organs? Would an ongoing autoreactive response help explain instances of “lingering” Covid-19 even after the viral infection has cleared?
Despite these uncertainties, the medical community needs to recognize that, in the appropriate patients, dampening immune responses through steroid treatment (or perhaps even more powerful autoimmune-focused therapies) is a critical weapon in combating Covid-19. Physicians and scientists must continue to build our arsenal of therapeutics around the idea that in some cases of Covid-19, controlling your response to the virus might be as important as controlling the virus itself.
